Foam machines can be cheap or really expensive based on the materials and hardware you have on hand. There are four main components that will be needed: a foam cone, a pump, a tank, and an air supply.
The following guide is only one way to create a
foam machine, with the intention of using cheap and readily available components in order to achieve the desired result. Obviously, if you have the money to throw at the build, or if you have lots of great gear lying around, there are other paths you can take, but this should get you started.
This is the basic layout of a remote-air foam machine. In contrast, a direct foam machine attaches the membrane and sprinkler head directly to the air outlet.
The tank is a simple consideration – it holds your soapy water mixture. 250 liters should be sufficient for a party of 30 guests and a 4x4m dance floor. From barrels to garbage bins, basically, any vessel can be used. Nevertheless, given that people will be dancing in your foam, cleanliness is paramount. It is best to use a new, clean tank – using an old 44-gallon oil drum will cause contact dermatitis to all your friends.
Our wine barrels were previously used to store food-grade ethanol for wine production, and we washed them several times before use. Lightweight, cheap, and the top was easy to cut off so we could drop the pump in.
A 2% mixture of soapy water is recommended for foam fluid in DIY builds. Mixing 5 liters of dishwashing liquid with 250 liters of water proved successful for this author.
The key is to hit a minimum concentration here; we lost a lot of time wondering why the machine didn’t generate foam until we realized our mix was a factor of 10 to dilute.
Pumping soapy water from the tank to the foam cone with enough pressure to properly atomize it through the spray nozzles is the job of the water pump.
The pump should be able to deliver 10 liters per minute with a few meters of the head, but finding a pump that meets these requirements can be challenging.
After a failed experiment with a drain pump from a washing machine, we decided to spend $70 on the cheapest high-flow submersible pump.
Its maximum flow rate was overkill for the application with 233 liters per minute. As a general rule, oversizing is better than undersizing when working within time and budget limitations.
Additionally, since it was a submersible pump, it simplified the plumbing. Rather than having to worry about priming the pump and attaching fittings and hoses to the tank, we just had to put the pump in and turn it on.
Since cheap, high-flow submersible pumps are readily available at most big hardware chains, they’re a safe bet and will do the trick.